Objective      To study the related factors of epileptiform discharge increase after supratentorial glioma resection under the supervision of electrocorticography (ECoG)

and to explore the risk factors of acute postoperative seizures.       Methods      The clinical data of 195 patients who received supratentorial glioma resection under the supervision of ECoG in our department from September 2006 to November 2011 was analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into different groups based on the age

sex

preoperative epilepsy history

preoperative preventive drugs application

tumor involving cortex

preoperative peritumoral brain edema and the extent of tumor resection. The relationship between these factors and the increase of postoperative epileptiform discharges was analyzed through Chi-square test

Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient and odds ratio.       Results      There were 53 patients whose postoperative epileptiform discharges increased in the 195 patients

accounting for 27.2%. The preoperative epilepsy history

preoperative preventive drug application

tumor involving cortex

preoperative peritumoral brain edema and non-total resection of tumor were significantly different between these groups (P0.05). The C value of these factors increased in turn (P0.05). The relative risk coefficients of preoperative epilepsy history

tumor involving cortex

preoperative peritumoral brain edema and non-total resection of tumor were greater than 1

and the relative risk coefficient of preoperative preventive drug application was less than 1. The factors such as age and sex showed no significant difference (P0.05).       Conclusion      Preoperative epilepsy history

preoperative preventive drug application

tumor involving cortex

preoperative peritumoral brain edema and non-total resection of tumor are related to the increase of postoperative epileptiform discharges

showing an increasingly close relationship. Preoperative epilepsy history

tumor involving cortex

preoperative peritumoral brain edema and non-total resection of tumor are risk factors

while preoperative preventive drug application is a protective factor. The factors such as age and sex are not significantly related to the incidence of increased postoperative epileptiform discharges.