Objective   To observe the changes of histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) and IL-10 in the 3 rat liver transplantation models

and to explore the related mechanism of the formation of immune tolerance.   Methods   Thirty pure Lewis and thirty BN rats were used to establish liver transplantation

including 20 pairs of Lewis to BN and 10 pairs of BN to lewis. The recipients were divided into 3 groups: rejection group (Lewis to BN

n=10)

immunosuppressant intervention group (Lewis to BN

n=10) and tolerance group (BN to Lewis

n=10). The recipients of immunosuppressant intervention group were treated with FK506 at a dose of 1 mg/kg per day by intramuscular injection from 1 to 7 d postoperatively. Rats were killed at the 7th day after transplantation. The extent of acute rejection was assayed by pathological examination. The distribution of HDAC11 was observed by immunofluorescent staining. The expressions of HDAC11 mRNA and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. The levels of serum IL-10 and IFN-γ were measured by ELISA.   Results   The graft Banff scale on the 7th day after transplantation was higher in rejection group than that in other 2 groups (rejection group

Ⅲ; immunosuppressant intervention group

Ⅱ; tolerance group

0 to I). The expression of HDAC11 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in rejection group than the other 2 groups (P0.05). Those of the tolerance group were also lower than those of immunosuppressant intervention group (P0.05). The IL-10 levels were significantly lower in rejection group than the other 2 groups (P0.05). But the level of IFN-γ were the highest in rejection group than the other 2 groups(P0.05).   Conclusion   It is partly via HDAC11 regulation to IL-10 that promoting or inhibiting the formation of immune tolerance of liver tansplantation.