Objective   To explore the role of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in protecting the hepatic function of rats with obstructive jaundice by recombinant human augmenter of liver regeneration (rhALR).    Methods   The effective lentivirus-siRNA vector system targeting TFAM was successfully constructed in vitro. Then we established obstructive jaundice rat model and the lentivirus-siRNA vector was infused into the liver through portal vein for RNAi in vivo. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the change of TFAM expression. Liver pathology

hepatic function and the effect of rhALR were studied.     Results   Liver cells were specially and effectively transfected by lentivirus-siRNA vector. The results of RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that TFAM expression was obviously suppressed. The knockdown of target gene led to obviously changed hepatic pathology and severely damaged hepatic function. The protective effect of rhALR also disappeared.    Conclusion   The protective effect of rhALR on hepatic function disappeared after the suppression of TFAM. TFAM gene is very important for rhALR to exert its protective effect on hepatic function in rats with obstructive jaundice.