Objective   To summarize the experience in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of pulmonary sequestration.   Methods   The clinical data from 69 patients with pulmonary sequestration undergoing surgical operation from 1990 to 2007 in PLA General Hospital were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.   Results   Pulmonary sequestration was diagnosed in 45 out of 69 patients before the operation with the diagnosis rate of 65.2% (45/69). Pre-operation chest X-ray and plain CT-scan were performed in 41 cases with the diagnosis rate of 53.7% (22/41) Contrast enhanced spiral CT scan were performed in 28 patients with the diagnosis rate of 85.5% (23/28). Sixty-one patients with intralobar sequestration underwent lobectomy and 8 patients with extralobar sequestration underwent local lesion resection. Abnormal supply arteries were intraoperatively found in 55 cases originating from the thoracic main artery

8 cases from the celiac artery

5 cases from the diaphragm artery in 5 cases

and 1 case from the intercostal artery. Smooth recovery was achieved in all patients. No perioperative death occurred.   Conclusion   Pulmonary sequestration is a rare disease with high misdiagnosis rate in some patients. Contrast enhanced spiral CT scan may improve the diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration. Operation is a safe and effective method for the treatment of pulmonary sequestration.