Objective    To explore the distribution of the nanobacteria in the prostatic calculus.     Methods     Calculus specimens were collected from 40 patients of prostatic calculus during operation. After the stones were crushed and rinsed with saline

the liquid was diluted

filtrated and centrifuged

then cultured in strict aseptic condition. The obtained cells were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM)

detected with alizarin red staining and Gram staining

and identified by indirect immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibody 8D10 against nanobacteria.     Results    ①After 3 to 4 weeks’ culture

a white precipitate adhering to the tube bottom was found. ②The positive rate of nanobacteria were 65.0% in 40 calculus patients. ③Alizarin red staining and Gram staining indicated nanobacteria were distributed in cluster. ④Nanobacteria appeared coccoid- or coccobacillary-like in shape and ranged from 100 to 500 nm in size.     Conclusion    Nanobacteria infection exists in calculus patients.