南京中医药大学附属南京中医院肛肠中心,南京 210022
Received:07 July 2025,
Revised:2025-09-13,
Accepted:13 October 2025,
Published Online:25 November 2025,
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黄文贞,曹金宇,张澳等.探究肛周脓肿患者发生坏死性筋膜炎的危险因素[J].重庆医科大学学报,
Huang Wenzhen,Cao Jinyu,Zhang Ao,et al.Risk factors for necrotizing fasciitis in patients with perianal abscess[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University,
黄文贞,曹金宇,张澳等.探究肛周脓肿患者发生坏死性筋膜炎的危险因素[J].重庆医科大学学报, DOI:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb..
Huang Wenzhen,Cao Jinyu,Zhang Ao,et al.Risk factors for necrotizing fasciitis in patients with perianal abscess[J].Journal of Chongqing Medical University, DOI:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb..
目的
2
探究促使肛周脓肿患者发生肛周会阴部坏死性筋膜炎(necrotizing fasciitis,NF)的影响因素,为早期诊断NF提供理论依据。
方法
2
回顾性分析2020年11月至2024年8月南京中医药大学附属南京中医院肛肠中心收治的发生坏死性筋膜炎的肛周脓肿患者(病例组)和未发生坏死性筋膜炎的肛周脓肿患者(对照组)共765例,对患者的基线、病理状态数据及实验室检查结果进行单因素分析,将有差异的结果进行二元逻辑回归分析。
结果
2
病例组患者与对照组患者相比,年龄更大,饮酒比例更高,糖尿病、免疫功能紊乱、病变累及肛周以外、局部皮肤坏死、有捻发音、贫血、低蛋白血症、电解质紊乱的发生率较高,白细胞(hemameba,WBC)、中性粒细胞百分比(neutrophil percentage,NEUT%)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(aspartate transaminase,AST)、尿素(urea,UREA)、肌酐(creatinine,CREA)、葡萄糖(glucose,GLU)的水平较高,但红细胞(erythrocyte,RBC)、血小板(platelet,PLT)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,HB)、淋巴细胞百分比(lymphocyte percentage,LYMPH%)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、钠(sodium,Na
+
)、钾(potassium,K
+
)的水平较低,其中饮酒(
OR
=6.796,95
%
CI
=
1.389~33.266,
P
=0.018)和白细胞水平升高(
OR
=1.165,95
%
CI
=
1.030~1.317,
P
=0.015)是促进坏死性筋膜炎发生的独
立危险因素。在进行分泌物细菌培养的患者中,病例组患者革兰氏阳性菌、肠球菌、葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌感染阳性率均高于对照组,而肠杆菌感染阳性率低于对照组。
结论
2
饮酒、白细胞计数升高是促使肛周脓肿患者发生NF的独立危险因素,且饮酒患者较不饮酒患者发生NF的风险增加5.796倍,WBC计数每升高1×10
9
/L,发生NF的风险增加0.165倍。
Objective
2
To investigate the influencing factors for necrotizing fasciitis(NF) in the perianal and perineal regions of patients with perianal abscess,and to provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis of NF.
Methods
2
A retrospective analysis was performed for 765 patients with perianal abscess who were admitted to Anorectal Center of Nanjing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from November 2020 to August 2024,and according to the presence or absence of NF,they were divided into case group with NF and control group without NF. A univariate analysis was performed for the baseline data,pathological data,and laboratory test results of the patients,and a binary logistic regression analysis was performed for the data with a significant difference.
Results
2
Compared with the control group,the case group had a significantly older age,a significantly higher proportion of patients with alcohol consumption,and significantly higher incidence rates of diabetes,immune dysfunction,lesions extending beyond the perianal region,local skin necrosis,crepitus,anemia,hypoproteinemia,and electrolyte disturbance,as well as significantly higher white blood cell count,percentage of neutrophils,aspartate aminotransferase,urea,creatinine,and glucose and significantly lower red blood cell count,platelet count,hemoglobin,lymphocyte percentage,albumin,sodium,and potassium. Among these indicators,alcohol consumption(odds ratio[
OR
]=6.796,95%CI=1.389-33.266,
P
=0.018) and an increase in white blood cell count(
OR
=1.165,95%CI=1.030-1.317,
P
=0.015) were in
dependent risk factors for the onset of NF. For the patients who received bacterial culture of secretions,compared with the control group,the case group had significantly higher positive rates of Gram-positive bacteria,Enterococcus,Staphylococcus,and
Acinetobacter baumannii
and a significantly lower positive rate of Enterobacteriaceae.
Conclusion
2
Alcohol consumption and an increase in white blood cell count are independent risk factors for the onset of NF in patients with perianal abscess. The risk of NF in patients with alcohol consumption is increased by 5.796 times compared with patients without alcohol consumption,and the risk of NF is increased by 16.5% for every 1×10⁹/L increase in white blood cell count.
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